Deforestation in Indonesia
Deforestation in Indonesia involves the long-term loss of forests and foliage across much of the country; it has had massive environmental and social impacts. Indonesia is home to some of the most biologically diverse forests in the world and ranks third in number of species behind Brazil and the Democratic Republic of Congo. As late as 1900, Indonesia was still a densely forested country: forests represented 84 percent of the total land area. Deforestation intensified in the 1970s[1] and has accelerated further since then. The estimated forest cover of 170 million hectares around 1900 decreased to less than 100 million hectares by the end of the 20th century.In 2008, it was estimated that tropical rainforests in Indonesia would be logged out in a decade.Of the total logging in Indonesia, up to 80% is reported to be performed illegally. Large areas of forest in Indonesia have been cleared by large multinational pulp companies, such as Asia Pulp and Paper,and replaced by plantations. Forests are often burned by farmersand plantation owners. Another major source of deforestation is the logging industry, driven by demand from China and Japan.Agricultural development and transmigration programs moved large populations into rainforest areas, further increasing deforestation rates. Logging and the burning of forests to clear land for cultivation has made Indonesia the world’s third largest emitter of greenhouse gases, behind China and the United States.[8] Forest fires often destroy high capacity carbon sinks, including old-growth rainforest and peatlands. In May 2011, Indonesia declared a moratorium on new logging contracts to help combat this.This appeared to be ineffective in the short-term, as the rate of deforestation continued to increase. By 2012 Indonesia had surpassed the rate of deforestation in Brazil,and become the fastest forest clearing nation in the world. History The Indonesian archipelago of about 17,000 islands is home to some of the most biodiverse forests in the world. In 1900 the total forest represented 84% of the total land area. By 1950 plantations and smallholder plantings of tree crops still only covered a small area. The forest cover by that time is estimated to 145 million ha (hectares) of primary forest and another 14 million ha (hectares) of secondary and tidal forest. In the early 1970s Indonesia used this valuable resource to its economic benefit with the development of the country’s wood-processing industries. From the late 1980s to 2000, production capacity has increased nearly 700% in the pulp and paper industries, making Indonesia the world’s ninth largest pulp producer and eleventh largest paper producer. The rate of deforestation continues to increase. The 2009 State Environment Report launched by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono revealed that the number of fire hotspots rose to 32,416 in 2009 from only 19,192 in 2008. The Environment Ministry blamed the increase on weak law enforcement and a lack of supervision from local authorities, with land clearance as the primary cause of the fires. Between 1990 and 2000 20% of the forest area in Indonesia had been lost (24 million ha) and by 2010, only 52% of the total land area was forested (94 million ha). Even despite a moratorium on new logging contracts imposed in 2010, the rate of deforestation continued to increase to an estimated 840,000 hectares in 2012, surpassing deforestation in Brazil. Affected regions The deforestation of a peat swamp forest for palm oil production in Indonesia. Indonesia’s lowland tropical forests, the richest in timber resources and biodiversity, are most at risk. By 2000 they have been almost entirely cleared in Sulawesi, and predicted to disappear within few years in Sumatra and Kalimantan. In Sumatra tens of thousands of square kilometres of forest have been destroyed often under central government concessions given to palm oil companies to remove the forest. In Kalimantan, from 1991–2014, large areas of the forest were burned because of uncontrollable fire causing atmospheric pollution across South-East Asia. NASA’s Terra satellite picture of thick smoke hung over the island of Borneo on 5 October 2006. The fires occur annually in the dry season (August–October), caused mainly by land-clearing and other agricultural fires, but fires escape control and burn into forests and peat-swamp areas. |
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verdant. When something is green with plant life it's verdant, a word often used to idealize the countryside with its verdant pastures or verdant hills.
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Verdant Globe Oragnization (VGO) is an organization working on stopping deforestation based in Indonesia. It was founded in 2018 by Kevin Hartono, an owner of pulp and paper company. He started the organization because he realize that he cuts too much tree for his own company and destroyed lots of habitat’s house. Since 2018 he closed his company and start stopping desforestation. Why the name is Verdant Globe Organization? Verdant means green and his aim for this organization is too make Indonesia Greener.
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We use a smart way to reduce the deforestation without people realizing it. We are collecting as many unused things as we can from all people around the world, things that we get will be send for recycling and sell in the market again. What if it is not recyclable? Things that that are not recyclable will be given for people who needed more. The money that we get from the market will be use for buying plant and producing the packaging for it as a merchandise. People who has already donate will get a merchandise from us. The purpose of the merchandise that given will be use for helping us stopping the deforestation by planting the plant around their houses.
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Global warming is global.
Every molecule of CO2 traps heat in Earth’s atmosphere, regardless of whether the CO2 comes from the tailpipe of a car, the smokestack of a coal-fired power plant, or the burning of a tropical tree. Thus, to address global warming, we need to reduce the CO2 produced everywhere on Earth, not just in the Indonesia. Biodiversity
Up to80% of terrestrial biodiversityi.e. a vast majority of all species of land plants and animalslives in forests. Deforestation and the destruction of forest habitat is the leading cause of extinction on the planet. Yes, climate change is making a big dent, but make no mistake, the direct clearing of forest is still the number one reason we are living in the sixth great extinction. |
Tropical forest emissions are significant.
About 10 percent of carbon emissions come from tropical deforestation—equivalent to the annual tailpipe emissions of 600 million average U.S. cars. Deforestation is happening at an alarming rate—an acre of tropical forest every second. We cannot address global warming effectively if we ignore 10 percent of the problem. Forests are home to 200 million people.
An additional 1.4 billion people depend directly on forest goods for their survival. With practices of deforestation for products like palm oil, displacement of forest communities is rampant, and conflict between companies and communities has been very common. Deforestation threatens to deprive almost a quarter of the humans on the planet of their homes or livelihoods. |
Global warming solutions protect our citizens.
We pay for climate disruption every day in the form of hurricanes, droughts, floods, heat waves, and other dangerous weather events that pose significant health and economic risks. These risks will grow more severe if CO2 emissions continue to increase. Addressing global warming today will save lives and money for years to come. Forests provide irreplaceable ecosystem.
Forests provide irreplaceable ecosystem, cultural, and economic functions, some of which we know, others we havent even discovered yet. In addition to storing all that carbon (and exchanging CO2 for the oxygen we breathe), forests play other vital roles that make life livable. They act as key guards against soil erosion, for instance, a fact made tragically clear by landslides like the one in Washington state last March, which many have arguedwereat least hastened by clear cutting. |
Design Process Sketches
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